The 1966 FIFA World Cup, the eighth staging of the World Cup, was held in England from 11 July to 30 July. England beat West Germany 4–2 in the final, winning the World Cup for the first time, so becoming the first host to win the tournament since Italy in 1934.
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[edit]Host selection
Main article: FIFA World Cup hosts
England was chosen as host of the 1966 World Cup in Rome, Italy on August 22, 1960, over opposition from West Germany and Spain.
[edit]Qualification
Main article: 1966 FIFA World Cup qualification
The 1966 World Cup was the subject of bitter disagreement before a ball was ever kicked. Sixteen African nations boycotted the tournament in protest of a 1964 FIFA ruling that required the champion team from the African zone to enter a playoff round against the winners of either the Asian or the Oceania zone in order to win a place at the finals. The Africans felt that winning their zone should have been enough in itself to merit qualification for the finals.
Despite the Africans' absence, there was another new record number of entries for the qualifying tournament, with 70 nations taking part. After all the arguments, FIFA finally ruled that ten teams from Europe would qualify, along with four from South America, one from Asia and one from North and Central America.
Portugal and North Korea qualified for the first time. Portugal would not qualify again until 1986, while North Korea's next finals appearance was at the 2010 tournament. This was also Switzerland's last World Cup finals until 1994. Notable absentees from this tournament included Yugoslavia and 1962 finalists Czechoslovakia.
[edit]Format
The format of the 1966 competition remained the same as 1962: 16 qualified teams were divided into four groups of four. Each group played around-robin format. Two points were awarded for a win and one point for a draw, with goal average used to separate teams equal on points. The top two teams in each group advanced to the knockout stage.
In the knockout games, if the teams were tied after ninety minutes, thirty minutes of extra time were played. For any match other than the final, if the teams were still tied after extra time then lots would be drawn to determine the winner. The final would have been replayed if tied after extra time. In the event, no replays or drawing of lots was necessary.
[edit]Summary
The 1966 World Cup had a rather unusual hero off the field, a dog called Pickles. In the build up to the tournament the Jules Rimet trophy was stolen from an exhibition display. A nation wide hunt for the icon ensued. It was later discovered wrapped in some newspaper as the dog sniffed under some bushes in London. The FA commissioned a replica cup in case the original cup was not found in time. This replica is held at the English National Football Museum in Preston, where it is on display.[1]
The draw for the final tournament, taking place on 6 January 1966 at the Royal Garden Hotel in London was the first ever to be televised, with England, West Germany, Brazil and Italy as seeds.[2]
[edit]First round
1966 was a World Cup with few goals as the teams began to play much more tactically and defensively. This was exemplified by Alf Ramsey's England as they finished top of Group 1 with only four goals to their credit, but having none scored against them. Uruguay were the other team to qualify from that group at the expense of both Mexico and France. All the group's matches were played at Wembley Stadiumapart from the match between Uruguay and France which took place at White City Stadium.
In Group 2, West Germany and Argentina qualified with ease as they both finished the group with 5 points, Spain managed 2, whileSwitzerland left the competition after losing all three group matches. FIFA cautioned Argentina for its violent style in the group games, particularly in the scoreless draw with West Germany, which saw Argentinean Rafael Albrecht get sent off and suspended for the next match.[3] [4]
In the northwest of England, Old Trafford and Goodison Park played host to Group 3 which saw the two-time defending champions Brazilfinish in third place behind Portugal and Hungary, and be eliminated along with Bulgaria. Brazil were defeated 3-1 by Hungary in a classic encounter before falling by the same scoreline to Portugal in a controversial game; this was Brazil's worst performance in any World Cup. Portugal appeared in the finals for the first time, and made quite an impact. They won all three of their games in the group stage, with a lot of help from their outstanding striker Eusébio, whose nine goals made him the tournament's top scorer.
Group 4, however, provided the biggest upset when North Korea beat Italy 1-0 at Ayresome Park, Middlesbrough and finished above them, thus earning qualification to the next round along with the USSR. This was the first time that a nation from outside Europe or the Americas had progressed from the first stage of a World Cup: the next would be Morocco in 1986. Chile finished bottom of the group.
[edit]Quarterfinals, Semifinals, and third-place match
The quarter-finals provided a controversial victory for West Germany as they cruised past Uruguay 4–0; the South Americans claimed that this occurred only after the referee (who was Jim Finney, from England) had not recognised a handstop by Schnellinger on the goal line and then had sent off two players from Uruguay: Horacio Troche and Héctor Silva.[5] It appeared as though the surprise package North Korea might do the same to Portugal when after 22 minutes they were in the lead 3–0. It fell to one of the greatest stars of the tournament, Eusébio, to change that. After he scored four goals in the game and José Augusto added a fifth in the 78th minute, one of the most incredible comebacks in professional football history was complete.[citation needed]
Meanwhile in the other two games, Ferenc Bene's late goal for Hungary against the USSR, who were led by Lev Yashin's stellar goalkeeping, proved little more than a consolation as they crashed out 2–1, and the only goal between Argentina and England came courtesy of England'sGeoff Hurst. During that controversial game (for more details see Argentina and England football rivalry), Argentina's Antonio Rattín became the first player to be sent off in a senior international football match at Wembley.[citation needed] Rattín at first refused to leave the field and eventually had to be escorted by several policemen. After 30 minutes England scored the only goal of the match. This game, even today, is called el robo del siglo (the robbery of the century) in Argentina.[6]
All semifinalists were from Europe. The first semifinal between England and Portugal was controversial as well. Goodison Park in Liverpool was the original venue for the first semifinal. However, due to intervention of the English officials, the venue changed to Wembley. This happened because of fear from English officials of the Portugal performance and embarassement if England lost in their own country with a debuting team.[7] Bobby Charlton scored both goals in England's triumph against Portugal. Portugal's goal came from a penalty kick in the 82nd minute after a handball by Jack Charlton on the goal line.[8] The other semi-final also finished 2–1: Franz Beckenbauer provided the winning goal for West Germany as they beat the USSR. Portugal went on to beat the USSR 2-1 to take third place. Portugal's third place remains the best finish by a team making its World Cup debut since 1934. It was subsequently equalled by Croatia in the 1998 tournament.
[edit]Final
Main article: 1966 FIFA World Cup Final
London's Wembley Stadium provided the venue for the final, and 98,000 people crammed inside to watch. After 12 minutes 32 secondsHelmut Haller had put West Germany ahead, but the score was levelled by Geoff Hurst four minutes later. Martin Peters put England in the lead in the 78th minute; England looked set to claim the title when the referee awarded a free kick to West Germany with one minute left. The ball was launched goalward and Wolfgang Weber managed to poke it across the line, with England appealing in vain for handball as the ball came through the crowded penalty area.[9]
With the score level at 2–2 at the end of 90 minutes, the game went to extra time. In the 98th minute Hurst found himself on the score sheet again; his shot hit the crossbar, and bounced down and hit the ground either onto or just over the goal line. Whether the ball actually crossed the goal line or not has been a matter of discussion for decades, and this goal, known as the "Ghost Goal", has become part of World Cup history. Recent digitally-enhanced footage is said to clearly illustrate that Geoff Hurst's second goal did not cross the line.[10] England's final goal was scored by Hurst again, during a pitch invasion and the goal should therefore not have stood. This made Geoff Hurst the only player ever to have scored three times in a World Cup final.[9]
However, the fact of the illegality of the goal is illustrated by BBC commentator Kenneth Wolstenholme, whose description of the match's closing moments has gone down in history: "Some people are on the pitch. They think it's all over ... [Hurst scores] It is now!".[11]
England's total of eleven goals scored in six games set a new record low for average goals per game scored by a World Cup winning team. The record would stand until 1982, when it was surpassed by Italy's twelve goals in seven games; in 2010 this record was lowered again by Spain, winning the Cup with eight goals in seven games. Likewise, the total of three goals conceded also constituted a record low for average goals per game conceded by a World Cup winning team. That record would stand until 1994, when it was surpassed by Brazil's three goals in seven games.
England received the recovered Jules Rimet trophy from Queen Elizabeth II and were crowned World Cup winners for the first time.[9]
[edit]Mascot
World Cup Willie, the mascot for the 1966 competition, was the first World Cup mascot, and one of the first mascots to be associated with a major sporting competition. World Cup Willie is a lion, a typical symbol of the United Kingdom, wearing a Union Flag jersey emblazoned with the words "WORLD CUP".
[edit]Venues
White City Stadium in London was used for a single game from Group 1, between Uruguay and France. The game was scheduled for a Friday, the same day as regularly scheduled greyhound racing at Wembley. Because Wembley's owner refused to cancel this, the game had to be moved to the alternative venue.
| London | Liverpool | Sheffield | Sunderland | Manchester |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wembley Stadium | Goodison Park | Hillsborough Stadium | Roker Park | Old Trafford |
| 51°33′20″N 0°16′47″W | 53°25′50.95″N 2°57′38.98″W | 53°24′41″N 1°30′2″W | 54.9144°N 1.3882°W | 53°27′47″N 2°17′29″W |
| Capacity: 100,000 | Capacity:55,000 | Capacity: 42,730 | Capacity: 40,310 | Capacity: 42,730 |
 |  |  |  |  |
| London | Birmingham | Middlesbrough | ||
| White City Stadium | Villa Park | Ayresome Park | ||
| 51°33′20″N 0°16′47″W | 52°30′33″N 1°53′5″W | 54°33′51″N 1°14′49″W | ||
| Capacity: 76,567 | Capacity:55,000 | Capacity: 40,310 | ||
 |  |  | ||
[edit]Match officials
- Europe
[edit]Seeding
| Pot 1: South American | Pot 2: Western European | Pot 3: European II | Pot 4: Rest of the World |
|---|---|---|---|
|
[edit]Squads
For a list of all squads that appeared in the final tournament, see 1966 FIFA World Cup squads.
[edit]Results
[edit]First round
[edit]Group 1
| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GAv | Pts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 England | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | ∞ | 5 |
 Uruguay | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2.00 | 4 |
 Mexico | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0.33 | 2 |
 France | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 0.40 | 1 |
| 11 July 1966 19:30 BST | England | 0 – 0 | Uruguay | Wembley Stadium, London Attendance: 87,000 Referee: Istvan Zsolt (Hungary) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Report |
| 13 July 1966 19:30 BST | France | 1 – 1 | Mexico | Wembley Stadium, London Attendance: 69,000 Referee: Menachem Ashkenazi (Israel) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Hausser  62' | Report | Borja 48' |
| 15 July 1966 19:30 BST | Uruguay | 2 – 1 | France | White City Stadium, London Attendance: 40,000 Referee: Karol Galba (Czechoslovakia) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rocha 26' Cortés 31' | Report | De Bourgoing 15' (pen.) |
| 16 July 1966 15:00 BST | England | 2 – 0 | Mexico | Wembley Stadium, London Attendance: 92,000 Referee: Concetto Lo Bello (Italy) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B. Charlton 37' Hunt 75' | Report |
| 19 July 1966 16:30 BST | Mexico | 0 – 0 | Uruguay | Wembley Stadium, London Attendance: 61,000 Referee: Bertil Lööw (Sweden) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Report |
| 20 July 1966 19:30 BST | England | 2 – 0 | France | Wembley Stadium, London Attendance: 98,000 Referee: Arturo Yamasaki (Peru) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hunt 38', 75' | Report |
[edit]Group 2
| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GAv | Pts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 West Germany | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 7.00 | 5 |
 Argentina | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 4.00 | 5 |
 Spain | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 0.80 | 2 |
 Switzerland | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 9 | 0.11 | 0 |
- West Germany was placed first due to superior goal average.
| 12 July 1966 19:30 BST | West Germany | 5 – 0 | Switzerland | Hillsborough Stadium, Sheffield Attendance: 36,000 Referee: Hugh Phillips (Scotland) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Held 16' Haller 21', 77' (pen.)Beckenbauer 40', 52' | Report |
| 13 July 1966 19:30 BST | Argentina | 2 – 1 | Spain | Villa Park, Birmingham Attendance: 48,000 Referee: Dimiter Rumentchev (Bulgaria) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Artime 65', 77' | Report | Pirri 67' |
| 15 July 1966 19:30 BST | Spain | 2 – 1 | Switzerland | Hillsborough Stadium, Sheffield Attendance: 32,000 Referee: Tofik Bakhramov (Soviet Union) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sanchís 57' Amancio 75' | Report | Quentin 31' |
| 16 July 1966 15:00 BST | Argentina | 0 – 0 | West Germany | Villa Park, Birmingham Attendance: 51,000 Referee: Konstantin Zečević(Yugoslavia) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Report |
| 19 July 1966 19:30 BST | Argentina | 2 – 0 | Switzerland | Hillsborough Stadium, Sheffield Attendance: 32,000 Referee: Joaquim Campos (Portugal) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Artime 52' Onega 79' | Report |
| 20 July 1966 19:30 BST | West Germany | 2 – 1 | Spain | Villa Park, Birmingham Attendance: 51,000 Referee: Armando Marques (Brazil) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emmerich 39' Seeler 84' | Report | Fusté 23' |
[edit]Group 3
| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GAv | Pts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Portugal | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 2 | 4.50 | 6 |
 Hungary | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 5 | 1.40 | 4 |
 Brazil | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 0.67 | 2 |
 Bulgaria | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 8 | 0.13 | 0 |
| 12 July 1966 19:30 BST | Brazil | 2 – 0 | Bulgaria | Goodison Park, Liverpool Attendance: 48,000 Referee: Kurt Tschenscher (West Germany) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pelé 15' Garrincha 63' | Report |
| 13 July 1966 19:30 BST | Portugal | 3 – 1 | Hungary | Old Trafford, Manchester Attendance: 37,000 Referee: Leo Callaghan (Wales) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| José Augusto 1', 67' Torres 90' | Report | Bene 60' |
| 15 July 1966 19:30 BST | Hungary | 3 – 1 | Brazil | Goodison Park, Liverpool Attendance: 52,000 Referee: Ken Dagnall (England) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bene 2' Farkas 64'Mészöly 73' (pen.) | Report | Tostão 14' |
| 16 July 1966 15:00 BST | Portugal | 3 – 0 | Bulgaria | Old Trafford, Manchester Attendance: 26,000 Referee: José María Codesal (Uruguay) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vutsov 17' (o.g.) Eusébio 38'Torres 81' | Report |
| 19 July 1966 19:30 BST | Portugal | 3 – 1 | Brazil | Goodison Park, Liverpool Attendance: 62,000 Referee: George McCabe (England) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simões 15' Eusébio 27', 85' | Report | Rildo 70' |
| 20 July 1966 19:30 BST | Hungary | 3 – 1 | Bulgaria | Old Trafford, Manchester Attendance: 22,000 Referee: Roberto Goicoechea(Argentina) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Davidov 43' (o.g.) Mészöly 45'Bene 54' | Report | Asparuhov 15' |
[edit]Group 4
| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GAv | Pts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Soviet Union | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 6.00 | 6 |
 North Korea | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 0.50 | 3 |
 Italy | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1.00 | 2 |
 Chile | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 0.40 | 1 |
| 12 July 1966 19:30 BST | Soviet Union | 3 – 0 | North Korea | Ayresome Park, Middlesbrough Attendance: 22,000 Referee: Juan Gardeazábal Garay(Spain) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Malofeyev 31', 88' Banishevskiy 33' | Report |
| 13 July 1966 19:30 BST | Italy | 2 – 0 | Chile | Roker Park, Sunderland Attendance: 30,000 Referee: Gottfried Dienst (Switzerland) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mazzola 8' Barison 88' | Report |
| 15 July 1966 19:30 BST | Chile | 1 – 1 | North Korea | Ayresome Park, Middlesbrough Attendance: 16,000 Referee: Ali Kandil (United Arab Republic) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marcos 26' (pen.) | Report | Pak Seung-Zin 88' |
| 16 July 1966 15:00 BST | Soviet Union | 1 – 0 | Italy | Roker Park, Sunderland Attendance: 27,800 Referee: Rudolf Kreitlein (West Germany) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chislenko 57' | Report |
| 19 July 1966 19:30 BST | North Korea | 1 – 0 | Italy | Ayresome Park, Middlesbrough Attendance: 18,000 Referee: Pierre Schwinte (France) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pak Doo-Ik 42' | Report |
| 20 July 1966 19:30 BST | Soviet Union | 2 – 1 | Chile | Roker Park, Sunderland Attendance: 22,000 Referee: John Adair (Northern Ireland) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Porkujan 28', 85' | Report | Marcos 32' |
[edit]Knockout stage
| Quarter-finals | Semi-finals | Final | ||||||||
| 23 July – London | ||||||||||
| England | 1 | |||||||||
| 26 July – London | ||||||||||
| Argentina | 0 | |||||||||
| England | 2 | |||||||||
| 23 July – Liverpool | ||||||||||
| Portugal | 1 | |||||||||
| Portugal | 5 | |||||||||
| 30 July – London | ||||||||||
| North Korea | 3 | |||||||||
| England (aet) | 4 | |||||||||
| 23 July – Sheffield | ||||||||||
| West Germany | 2 | |||||||||
| West Germany | 4 | |||||||||
| 25 July – Liverpool | ||||||||||
| Uruguay | 0 | |||||||||
| West Germany | 2 | Third place | ||||||||
| 23 July – Sunderland | ||||||||||
| Soviet Union | 1 | |||||||||
| Soviet Union | 2 | Portugal | 2 | |||||||
| Hungary | 1 | Soviet Union | 1 | |||||||
| 28 July – London | ||||||||||
[edit]Quarter-finals
| 23 July 1966 15:00 BST | Portugal | 5 – 3 | North Korea | Goodison Park, Liverpool Attendance: 51,780 Referee: Menachem Ashkenazi (Israel) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eusébio 27', 43' (pen.), 56', 59' (pen.) José Augusto 80' | Report | Pak Seung-Zin 1' Lee Dong-Woon 22'Yang Sung-Kook 25' |
| 23 July 1966 15:00 BST | West Germany | 4 – 0 | Uruguay | Hillsborough Stadium, Sheffield Attendance: 34,000 Referee: Jim Finney (England) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Haller 11', 83' Beckenbauer 70'Seeler 75' | Report |
| 23 July 1966 15:00 BST | Soviet Union | 2 – 1 | Hungary | Roker Park, Sunderland Attendance: 26,844 Referee: Juan Gardeazábal Garay(Spain) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chislenko 5' Porkujan 46' | Report | Bene 57' |
| 23 July 1966 15:00 BST | England | 1 – 0 | Argentina | Wembley Stadium, London Attendance: 90,000 Referee: Rudolf Kreitlein (West Germany) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hurst 78' | Report |
[edit]Semi-finals
| 25 July 1966 19:30 BST | West Germany | 2 – 1 | Soviet Union | Goodison Park, Liverpool Attendance: 38,300 Referee: Concetto Lo Bello (Italy) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Haller 42' Beckenbauer 67' | Report | Porkujan 88' |
| 26 July 1966 19:30 BST | England | 2 – 1 | Portugal | Wembley Stadium, London Attendance: 95,000 Referee: Pierre Schwinte (France) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B. Charlton 30', 80' | Report | Eusébio 82' (pen.) |
[edit]Third place match
| 28 July 1966 19:30 BST | Portugal | 2 – 1 | Soviet Union | Wembley Stadium, London Attendance: 88,000 Referee: Ken Dagnall (England) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eusébio 12' (pen.) Torres 89' | Report | Malofeyev 43' |
[edit]Final
Main article: 1966 FIFA World Cup Final
| 30 July 1966 15:00 BST | England | 4 – 2 (a.e.t.) | West Germany | Wembley Stadium, London Attendance: 98,000 Referee: Gottfried Dienst (Switzerland) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hurst 18', 101', 120' Peters 78' | Report | Haller 12' Weber 89' |
[edit]Scorers
- 9 goals
- 6 goals
- 4 goals
- 3 goals
- 2 goals
- 1 goal
- Own goals
[edit]FIFA Retrospective Ranking
In 1986, FIFA published a report that ranked all teams in each World Cup up to and including 1986, based on progress in the competition, overall results and quality of the opposition.[12] The rankings for the 1966 tournament were as follows:
Final
3rd and 4th place
Eliminated in the quarter-finals
Eliminated at the group stage
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