Thursday, February 3, 2011

FIFA World Cup South Africa 2010 (2)


Knockout stage

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup knockout stage
All times listed are South African Standard Time (UTC+02)
The knockout stage comprised the sixteen teams that advanced from the group stage of the tournament. There were four rounds of matches, with each round eliminating half of the teams entering that round. The successive rounds were the round of 16, quarter-finals, semi-finals, and the final. There was also a play-off to decide third and fourth place. For each game in the knockout stage, any draw at 90 minutes was followed by thirty minutes of extra time; if scores were still level, there was a penalty shootout to determine who progressed to the next round.[55]
Round of 16Quarter-finalsSemi-finalsFinal
              
26 June – Port Elizabeth      
  Uruguay 2
2 July – Johannesburg
  South Korea 1 
  Uruguay (pen.) 1 (4)
26 June – Rustenburg
   Ghana 1 (2) 
  United States 1
6 July – Cape Town
  Ghana (a.e.t.) 2 
  Uruguay 2
28 June – Durban
   Netherlands 3 
  Netherlands 2
2 July – Port Elizabeth
  Slovakia 1 
  Netherlands 2
28 June – Johannesburg
   Brazil 1 
  Brazil 3
11 July – Johannesburg
  Chile 0 
  Netherlands 0
27 June – Johannesburg
   Spain (a.e.t.) 1
  Argentina 3
3 July – Cape Town
  Mexico 1 
  Argentina 0
27 June – Bloemfontein
   Germany 4 
  Germany 4
7 July – Durban
  England 1 
  Germany 0
29 June – Pretoria
   Spain 1 Third place
  Paraguay (pen.) 0 (5)
3 July – Johannesburg10 July – Port Elizabeth
  Japan 0 (3) 
  Paraguay 0  Uruguay 2
29 June – Cape Town
   Spain 1   Germany 3
  Spain 1
  Portugal 0 

Round of 16

In this round, each group winner (A-H) was paired against the runner-up from another group.
  • South American teams again performed strongly in the round of 16, with four teams advancing to the quarter-finals including Brazil who defeated fellow South American team Chile.
  • England's 4–1 loss to Germany was their worst ever defeat at a World Cup finals.[56][57]
  • Ghana defeated the United States to become the third African team to reach the last eight (after Cameroon in 1990 and Senegal in 2002), and the only African team to have achieved both a top 8 finish and a separate top 16 finish (in 2006).
  • Paraguay and Ghana reached the quarter-finals for the first time.
The round was marked by some controversial referees' calls, including:
FIFA President Sepp Blatter took the unusual step of apologising to England and Mexico for the decisions that went against them, saying "Yesterday I spoke to the two federations directly concerned by referees' mistakes [...] I apologised to England and Mexico. The English said thank you and accepted that you can win some and you lose some and the Mexicans bowed their head and accepted it."[58] Blatter also promised to re-open the discussion regarding devices which monitor possible goals and make that information immediately available to match officials, saying "We will naturally take on board the discussion on technology and have the first opportunity in July at the business meeting."[58] Blatter's call came less than four months after FIFA general secretary Jerome Valcke said the door was closed on goal-line technology and video replays after a vote by the IFAB.[58]
26 June 2010
16:00		Uruguay 2 – 1 South KoreaNelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth
Attendance: 30,597
Referee: Wolfgang Stark (Germany)
Suárez Goal 8', 80'ReportLee Chung-Yong Goal 68'
26 June 2010
20:30		United States 1 – 2 (a.e.t.) GhanaRoyal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg
Attendance: 34,976
Referee: Viktor Kassai (Hungary)
Donovan Goal 62' (pen.)ReportPrince Goal 5'
Gyan Goal 93'
27 June 2010
16:00		Germany 4 – 1 EnglandFree State Stadium, Bloemfontein
Attendance: 40,510
Referee: Jorge Larrionda (Uruguay)
Klose Goal 20'
Podolski Goal 32'
Müller Goal 67', 70'		ReportUpson Goal 37'
27 June 2010
20:30		Argentina 3 – 1 MexicoSoccer City, Johannesburg
Attendance: 84,377
Referee: Roberto Rosetti (Italy)
Tévez Goal 26', 52'
Higuaín Goal 33'		ReportHernández Goal 71'
28 June 2010
16:00		Netherlands 2 – 1 SlovakiaMoses Mabhida Stadium, Durban
Attendance: 61,962
Referee: Alberto Undiano Mallenco(Spain)
Robben Goal 18'
Sneijder Goal 84'		ReportVittek Goal 90+4' (pen.)
28 June 2010
20:30		Brazil 3 – 0 ChileEllis Park Stadium, Johannesburg
Attendance: 54,096
Referee: Howard Webb (England)
Juan Goal 34'
Luís Fabiano Goal 38'
Robinho Goal 59'		Report
29 June 2010
16:00		Paraguay 0 – 0 (a.e.t.) JapanLoftus Versfeld Stadium, Pretoria
Attendance: 36,742
Referee: Frank De Bleeckere (Belgium)
Report
 Penalties 
Barreto Scored
Barrios Scored
Riveros Scored
Valdez Scored
Cardozo Scored		5 – 3Scored Endō
Scored Hasebe
Missed (hit the crossbar) Komano
Scored Honda
29 June 2010
20:30		Spain 1 – 0 PortugalCape Town Stadium, Cape Town
Attendance: 62,955
Referee: Héctor Baldassi (Argentina)
Villa Goal 63'Report

Quarter-finals

The three quarter-finals between European and South American teams all resulted in wins for Europeans. Germany had a 4–0 victory over Argentina, and the Netherlands came from behind to beat Brazil 2–1, handing the Brazilians their first loss in a World Cup match held outside Europe other than in a penalty shootout since 1950. Spain reached the final four for the first time since 1950 after a 1–0 win over Paraguay. Uruguay, the only South American team to reach the semi-finals, overcame Ghana in a penalty shoot-out after a 1–1 draw in which Ghana missed a penalty at the end of extra time.
2 July 2010
16:00		Netherlands 2 – 1 BrazilNelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth
Attendance: 40,186
Referee: Yuichi Nishimura (Japan)
Sneijder Goal 53', 68'ReportRobinho Goal 10'
2 July 2010
20:30		Uruguay 1 – 1 (a.e.t.) GhanaSoccer City, Johannesburg
Attendance: 84,017
Referee: Olegário Benquerença(Portugal)
Forlán Goal 55'ReportMuntari Goal 45+2'
 Penalties 
Forlán Scored
Victorino Scored
Scotti Scored
M. Pereira Missed
Abreu Scored		4 – 2Scored Gyan
Scored Appiah
Missed (saved) Mensah
Missed (saved) Adiyiah
3 July 2010
16:00		Argentina 0 – 4 GermanyCape Town Stadium, Cape Town
Attendance: 64,100
Referee: Ravshan Irmatov (Uzbekistan)
ReportMüller Goal 3'
Klose Goal 68', 89'
Friedrich Goal 74'
3 July 2010
20:30		Paraguay 0 – 1 SpainEllis Park Stadium, Johannesburg
Attendance: 55,359
Referee: Carlos Batres (Guatemala)
ReportVilla Goal 83'

Semi-finals

The Netherlands qualified for the final for the third time with a 3–2 win over Uruguay. Spain reached their first ever final with a 1–0 victory over Germany. As a result, it was the first World Cup final not to include any of the four most successful nations: Brazil, Italy, Germany and Argentina.
6 July 2010
20:30		Uruguay 2 – 3 NetherlandsCape Town Stadium, Cape Town
Attendance: 62,479
Referee: Ravshan Irmatov (Uzbekistan)
Forlán Goal 41'
M. Pereira Goal 90+2'		ReportVan Bronckhorst Goal 18'
Sneijder Goal 70'
Robben Goal 73'
7 July 2010
20:30		Germany 0 – 1 SpainMoses Mabhida Stadium, Durban
Attendance: 60,960
Referee: Viktor Kassai (Hungary)
ReportPuyol Goal 73'

Third-place play-off

Germany defeated Uruguay 3–2 to secure third place. Germany holds the record for most third place finishes in the World Cup (4), while Uruguay holds the record for most fourth place finishes (3).
10 July 2010
20:30		Uruguay 2 – 3 GermanyNelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth
Attendance: 36,254
Referee: Benito Archundia (Mexico)[59]
Cavani Goal 28'
Forlán Goal 51'		ReportMüller Goal 19'
Jansen Goal 56'
Khedira Goal 82'

Final

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup Final
The final was held on 11 July 2010 at Soccer City, Johannesburg. Spain defeated the Netherlands 1–0, with an extra time goal by Andrés Iniesta. Iniesta scored the latest winning goal in a FIFA World Cup final (116').[60] The win gave Spain their first World Cup title, becoming the eighth team to win it. This made them the first new winner without home advantage since Brazil in 1958,[61] and the first team to win the global showpiece having lost their opening game.[51]
A large number of fouls were committed in the final match. Referee Howard Webb handed out fourteen yellow cards, more than doubling the previous record for this fixture, set when Argentina and West Germany shared six cards in 1986,[51] and John Heitinga of the Netherlands was sent off for receiving a second yellow card. The Netherlands had chances to score, most notably in the 60th minute when Arjen Robben was released by Wesley Sneijder to be one-on-one with Spain's goalkeeper Iker Casillas, only for Casillas to save the shot with an outstretched leg. For Spain, Sergio Ramos missed a free header from a corner kick when he was unmarked.[62] Iniesta finally broke the deadlock in extra time, scoring a side-footed shot from a pass by Cesc Fabregas.[63]
This result marked the first time that two different teams from the same continent had become world champions in succession, and saw Europe reaching ten World Cup titles, surpassing South America's nine titles. Spain became the first team since West Germany in 1974 to win the World Cup as European champions. The result also marked the first time that a European nation had won a World Cup Finals that was not hosted on European soil.
A closing ceremony was held before the final, featuring singer Shakira. Afterwards, the former South African President Nelson Mandela made a brief appearance on the pitch, wheeled in by a motorcart.[64]
11 July 2010
20:30		Netherlands 0 – 1 (a.e.t.) SpainSoccer City, Johannesburg
Attendance: 84,490
Referee: Howard Webb (England)[59]
ReportIniesta Goal 116'

Statistics

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup statistics

Goalscorers

For the full list of goalscorers, see 2010 FIFA World Cup Goalscorers
South African winger Siphiwe Tshabalala was the first player to score a goal in the competition, in their 1–1 draw against Mexico, the opening game of the tournament. Danish defender Daniel Agger was credited with the first own goal of the tournament, in his side's 2–0 loss to the Netherlands. Argentine striker Gonzalo Higuaín was the only player to score a hat-trick in the tournament, in Argentina's 4–1 win over South Korea. It was the 49th World Cup hat-trick in the history of the tournament.
Spain had the fewest goals scored in the World Cup tournament for a champion, with eight.[51] The previous record low was 11, by Brazil in1994, England in 1966 and Italy in 1934. Spain had the fewest goal scorers for a champion as well (3).[51] They also had the fewest goals conceded for a champion (2), equal with Italy (2006) and France (1998). Spain's victory marked the first time that a team won the World Cup without conceding a goal in the knockout stage.[60]
The four top scorers in the tournament had five goals each. All of the four top scorers also came from the teams that finished in the top four, Spain, Netherlands, Germany, and Uruguay. The Golden Boot went to Thomas Müller of Germany who had three assists, compared to one for the three others. The Silver Boot went to David Villa of Spain, who played a total of 635 minutes, and the Bronze Boot to Wesley Sneijderof the Netherlands, who played 652 minutes. Diego Forlán of Uruguay had five goals and one assist in 654 minutes. A further three players scored four goals.[65]
Only 145 goals were scored at South Africa 2010, the lowest of any FIFA World Cup since the tournament switched to a 64-game format. This continued a downward trend since the first 64-game finals were held 12 years earlier, with 171 goals at France 1998, 161 at Korea/Japan 2002 and 147 at Germany 2006.[51]

Discipline

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup disciplinary record
28 players were suspended after being shown two consecutive yellow cards (13 players), a single red card (8 players), or a yellow card followed by a red card (7 players).

Awards

All-Star Team

The All-Star Team was decided by an online public vote, in which people were invited to select a team (in a 4–4–2 formation) and best coach. Voting was open until 23:59 on 11 July 2010,[66] with entrants going into a draw to win a prize.
Six of the eleven players came from the Spanish team, as did the coach. The remainder of the team comprised two Germans, one Brazilian, one Dutchman and a Uruguayan.[67][68]

Post-tournament team ranking

Shortly after the final, FIFA issued a final ranking of every team in the tournament. The ranking was based on progress in the competition, overall results and quality of the opposition. The final ranking was as follows:[69]
1.  Spain
3.  Germany
4.  Uruguay
5.  Argentina
6.  Brazil
7.  Ghana
8.  Paraguay
9.  Japan
10.  Chile
11.  Portugal
13.  England
14.  Mexico
16.  Slovakia
18.  Slovenia
21.  Australia
23.  Serbia
24.  Denmark
25.  Greece
26.  Italy
27.  Nigeria
28.  Algeria
29.  France
30.  Honduras
31.  Cameroon

Symbols

Mascot

Zakumi, the mascot of the 2010 FIFA World Cup
Main article: Zakumi
The official mascot for the 2010 World Cup was Zakumi, an anthropomorphised leopard with green hair, presented on 22 September 2008. His name came from "ZA" (the international abbreviation for South Africa) and the term kumi, which means "ten" in various African languages.[70] The mascot's colours reflected those of the host nation's playing strip – yellow and green.

Official song

Main article: FIFA World Cup official songs
The official song of the 2010 World Cup "Waka Waka" was performed by the Colombian singer Shakira and the band Freshlyground from South Africa, and is sung in both English and Spanish.[71] The song is based on a traditional African soldiers' song, "Zangalewa".[72] Shakira and Freshlyground performed the song at the pre-tournament concert in Soweto on 10 June. It was also sung at the opening ceremony on 11 June and at the closing ceremony on 11 July.

Match ball

Main article: Adidas Jabulani
Adidas Jo'bulani, the final-match ball
The match ball for the 2010 World Cup, manufactured by Adidas, is named the Jabulani, which means"bringing joy to everyone" in Zulu. It is the eleventh World Cup match ball made by the German sports equipment maker; it features eleven colours, representing each player of a team on the pitch and the eleven official languages of South Africa.[73][74] A special match ball with gold panels, called the Jo'bulani, was used at the final in Johannesburg.
The ball is constructed using a new design, consisting of eight thermally bonded, three-dimensional panels. These are spherically moulded from ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) and thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU). The surface of the ball is textured with grooves, a technology developed by Adidas called GripnGroove[75] that is intended to improve the ball's aerodynamics. The design has received considerable academic input, being developed in partnership with researchers from Loughborough University, United Kingdom.[76] The balls are made in China, using latex bladders made in India, thermoplastic polyurethane-elastomer from Taiwan, ethylene vinyl acetate, isotropic polyester/cotton fabric, and glue and ink from China.[77]
Some football stars have complained about the new ball, arguing that its movements are difficult to predict.[78] Brazilian goalie Júlio Césarcompared it to a "supermarket" ball that favored strikers and worked against goalkeepers.[79] Argentinian coach Diego Maradona said "We won't see any long passes in this World Cup because the ball doesn't fly straight."[80] However, a number of Adidas-sponsored[81][82][83][84]players have responded favourably to the ball.

Vuvuzelas

A man sounding a vuvuzela
Main article: Vuvuzela
The 2010 finals amplified international public awareness of the vuvuzela, a long horn blown by fans throughout matches.[85][86][87][88] Many World Cup competitors complained about the noise caused by the vuvuzela horns, including France's Patrice Evra, who blamed the horns for the team's poor performance.[89] Other critics include Lionel Messi, who complained that the sound of the vuvuzelas hampers communication among players on the pitch,[90] and broadcasting companies, which complained that commentators' voices were being drowned out by the sound.[91]
Others watching on television complained that the ambient audio feed from the stadium only contains the sounds of the vuvuzelas and the natural sounds of people in the stands are drowned out.[92][93] A spokesperson for ESPN and other networks said that they were taking steps to minimise the ambient noise on their broadcasts.[94] The BBCalso investigated the possibility of offering broadcasts without vuvuzela noise.[95]

Event effects

A FIFA World Cup Trophy Tour aeroplane, sponsored by Coca-Cola. (2010)
Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup event effects

Social

Tournament organiser Danny Jordaan dismissed concerns that the attack on the Togo national team which took place in Angola in January 2010, had any relevance to the security arrangements for the World Cup.[96] There were also reports of thefts against visitors to the country for the World Cup. Tourists from China, Portugal, Spain, South Korea, Japan and Colombia had become victims of crime.[97] On 19 June after the match between England and Algeria a fan was able to break through the FIFA-appointed security staff at Green Point stadium and gain access to the England team dressing room. The breach took place shortly after Prince William and Prince Harry had left the room. The trespasser was then released before he could be handed over to the Police. The English FA lodged a formal complaint with FIFA and demanded that security be increased.[98] However the trespasser turned out to be a British journalist, this incident was orchestrated and involved the cooperation of a number of individuals. "The police strongly believe that the motive was to put the World Cup security in a bad light and possibly to profit from this act." Cele told reporters.[99] The reporter was later identified as Simon Wright, a British journalist who works for the Sunday Mirror in the UK. Many South Africans had reasons to believe it was part of a plot (by European countries, mainly England and Germany) to hamper the images of South Africa's ability to host a successful tournament.

Resettlement and eviction

Police patrol Blikkiesdorp, a settlement for the evicted.
As with many 'hallmark events' throughout the world,[100] the 2010 FIFA World Cup has been connected to evictions,[101][102][103][104][105] which many claim are meant to 'beautify the city', impress visiting tourists, and hide shackdwellers. On 14 May 2009, the Durban-based shack-dwellers' movement Abahlali baseMjondolo took the KwaZulu-Natal government to court over their controversial Elimination and Prevention of Re-Emergence of Slums Act, meant to eliminate slums in South Africa and put homeless shackdwellers in transit camps in time for the 2010 World Cup.[106][107]
Another prominent controversy surrounding preparations for the World Cup is the N2 Gatewayhousing project in Cape Town, which plans to remove over 20,000 residents from the Joe Slovo Informal Settlement along the busy N2 Freeway and build rental flats and bond-houses in its place in time for the 2010 World Cup.[108] NGOs, international human rights organisations, and the Anti-Eviction Campaign have publicly criticised the conditions in Blikkiesdorp and said that the camp has been used to accommodate poor families evicted to make way for the 2010 World Cup.[105][109][110][111]
However some have argued that evictions are ordinarily common in South African and that in the lead up to the tournament many evictions were erreonously ascribed to the World Cup.[112]

Economy

Some groups experienced complications in regards to scheduled sporting events, advertising, or broadcasting, as FIFA attempted to maximise control of media rights during the Cup. Affected parties included an international rugby union Test match, a South African airline, and some TV networks, all of whom were involved in various legal struggles with World Cup organisers.[113][114][115]
During the tournament, group ticket-holders who did not utilise all their allotted tickets led to some early-round matches having as many as 11,000 unoccupied seats.[116]
While the event did help to boost the image of South Africa, financially it turned out to be a major disappointment.[117] Construction costs for venues and infrastructure amounted to £3 billion (€3.6 billion), and the government expected that increased tourism would help to offset these costs to the amount of £570 million (€680 million). However, only £323 million (€385 million} were actually taken in as 309,000 foreign fans came to South Africa, well below the expected number of 450,000.[117]
Local vendors were prohibited from selling food and merchandise within a 1.5 kilometre radius of any stadium hosting a World Cup match. For a vendor to operate within the radius, a registration fee of R60,000 (approximately to US$7,888), had to be paid to FIFA. This fee was out of most local vendors' reach, as they are simple one-man-operated vendors. This prevented international visitors from experiencing local South African food. Some local vendors felt cheated out of an opportunity for financial gain and spreading South African culture, in favour of multinational corporations.[118]

Quality

In a December 2010 Quality Progress, FIFA President Blatter rated South Africa's organisational efforts a nine out of 10 scale, declaring that South Africa could be considered a plan B for all future competitions. The South African Quality Institute (SAQI) assisted in facility construction, event promotion, and organisations. The main issue listed in the article was transportation.[119]

Media

Broadcasting

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup broadcasting rights
The 2010 FIFA World Cup was expected to be the most-watched television event in history.[120] Hundreds of broadcasters, representing about 70 countries, transmitted the Cup to a TV audience that FIFA officials expect to exceed a cumulative 26 billion people, an average of approximately 400 million viewers per match. FIFA estimated that around 700 million viewers would watch the World Cup final.[121]
New forms of digital media have also allowed viewers to watch coverage through alternative means. "With games airing live on cell phones and computers, the World Cup will get more online coverage than any major sporting event yet," said Jake Coyle of the Associated Press.[122]
In the United States, ABC, ESPN and ESPN2 averaged a 2.1 rating, 2,288,000 households and 3,261,000 viewers for the 64 World Cup games. The rating was up 31 percent from a 1.6 in 2006, while households increased 32 percent from 1,735,000 and viewers rose from 2,316,000. The increases had been higher while the US remained in the tournament. Through the first 50 games, the rating was up 48 percent, households increased 54 percent and viewers rose 60 percent. Univision averaged 2,624,000 viewers for the tournament, up 17 percent, and 1,625,000 households, an increase of 11 percent.[123] An executive of the Nielsen Company, a leading audience research firm in the US, described the aggregate numbers for both networks' coverage of the USA-Ghana match as "phenomenal".[124] Live World Cup streaming on ESPN3.com pulled in some of the largest audiences in history, as 7.4 million unique viewers tuned in for matches. In total, ESPN3.com generated 942 million minutes of viewing or more than two hours per unique viewer. All 64 live matches were viewed by an average of 114,000 persons per minute. Most impressive were the numbers for the Spain-Germany semifinal, which was viewed by 355,000 people per minute, making it ESPN3.com’s largest average audience ever.[125]

Filming

Sony technology was used to film the tournament. According to FIFA, up to 25 of the matches would be captured using 3D cameras.[126]Footage was captured in 3D through Sony's proprietary multi-image MPE-200 processors, housed in specially designed 3D outside broadcast trucks.[127] It supplied its flagship HDC-1500 cameras as well as its new HDC-P1 unit, a compact, point-of-view (POV)-type camera with 3, 2/3-inch CCD sensors.[128] The 3D games were produced for FIFA by Host Broadcast Services.[129]

Video games

In PlayStation Home, Sony Group has released a virtual space based on the 2010 FIFA World Cup in the Japanese version of Home on 3 December 2009. This virtual space is called the "FevaArena" and is a virtual stadium of the 2010 FIFA World Cup, featuring different areas for events, a FIFA mini-game, and a shop with FIFA related content.[130]
On 27 April 2010, EA Sports released the official 2010 World Cup video game.[131]

FIFA Fan Fest

FIFA expanded the FIFA Fan Fest, hosting in Sydney, Berlin, Paris, Rome, Rio de Janeiro and Mexico City, as well as several venues around South Africa.[132] The Durban Fan Fest was the most popular in South Africa during the tournament followed by the Cape Town Fan Fest.[133]
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